Asma Anwari¹, Md. Harunor Rashid¹, Md. Mushfiqur Rahman¹, Abu Saleh Mohammad Yousuf Ali¹, Sanjida Akter³, Md. Ariful Islam¹, Md. Kamrul Hassan²

¹Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
²Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
³Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Bangladesh

The present study was carried out at the Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to find out the effects of variety and different postharvest treatments to extend shelf life and to reduce disease severity and incidence of mango. The two factor experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The factors taken for the experiments were (i) two varieties of mango, viz., V₁= Fazli and V₂= Aswina and (ii) seven postharvest treatments, viz., To = Control; T₁ = Wrapping with thin plastic film; T₂ = Paper wrapping and storage at 15^o C; T₃ = LDPE plastic bag with KMnO4; T₄ = LDPE plastic bag without KMnO4; T₅ = Hot water treatment (50^oC) for 5 minutes; T₆ = Low temperature storage (12^o C). The variety Fazli was more susceptible to postharvest diseases than Aswina. Higher disease severity (34.71%) was found in Fazli and it was lower (24.96%) in Aswina at the 12^th day of storage. However, highly significant variations in respect of shelf life between two varieties and among different postharvest treatments were observed in the investigation. The longer shelf life (12.57 days) was recorded in Aswina than Fazli (10.14 days). Further, mango with low temperature storage (12 ^oC) appeared to be the best for extending shelf life. The longest shelf life (18.25 days) was observed in fruits of Aswina with low temperature (12^o C) treatment and the shortest shelf life (7.00 days) was observed in Fazli with control treatment.

Keywords: Disease incidence, disease severity, Shelf life extension.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: yousufr007@gmail.com (Abu Saleh Mohammad Yousuf Ali)

How to cite this article: Anwari A, Rashid MH, Rahman MM, Ali ASMY, Akter S, Islam MA and Hassan MK (2023). Effects of different post harvest treatments and varieties on disease incidence, severity and shelf life of Mango. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 10(4): 01-08. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10701388.

Most. Baby Naznin¹, Fahmida Akter², Md. Pilot Hossen³

¹Department of Reproductive and Child Health, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka ²Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka
³Department of Public Health and Hospital Administration, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM) Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212

Breast cancer is a rising challenge as women cancers differ markedly from all cancers in their nature, distribution and prognosis and mortality. This cross-sectional study was conducted among two hundred breast cancer patients attending specialized hospitals to determine the care seeking behavior of premenopausal women with breast cancer and factors associated with it. Study subjects were selected purposively and data were collected by face-to-face interview and medical records review. Among the respondents, majority (50 %) was within 40 to 44 years age group and mostly married (94%). More than half lived in rural area and majority of the patients (35.5%) were completed primary education. Maximum (42.5%) were housewives and had monthly family income within 10000-20000 taka (20.5%). Maximum age at menarche was 12 years and married 20 years and use contraceptives (97%). Majority (99.9%) mentioned that, the knowledge on sign/symptom of breast cancer were lump or thickening in the breast. Majority (81.5%) of the respondents did not perform self-examination of breast and went to the village doctor (53.5%) and received allopathic advice (66.5%). Most (73%) mentioned that, they started treatment for breast cancer just after appearance of symptoms occurred. The proportion of the respondents who went to the MBBS doctor was significantly higher with monthly family income more than 20000 taka (p<0.001) and the proportion of the respondents went to the village doctor was significantly higher who were residing nuclear family (p<0.001). The proportion of the primary educated respondents who went to the village doctor was significantly higher (p<0.001). Further indepth research is required for better understanding of association between the care seeking behavior and associated others factors.

Keywords: Care Seeking Behavior, Premenopausal Women, Breast cancer.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: babynipsom@gmail.com (Most. Baby Naznin)

How to cite this article: Naznin MB, Akter F and Hossen MP (2023). Care seeking behavior of premenopausal women with breast carcinoma. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 10(4): 09-17. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10827369.

Khokan Kanti Biswas¹, Mohammad Jalal Uddin², Mohammed Belal Uddin³

¹Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong
²Department of Community Medicine, Maa O Shishu Hospital Medical College, Chittagong
³Chittagong Nursing College, Chittagong

Cardiovascular risk factors are the most inimical and deleterious elements to develop ischaemic heart disease (IHD). To identify the factors contributing to develop IHD is therefore of paramount importance. It needs endless attention to address the riddle. This study aimed to assess the risk factors of IHD among the patients of Cardiology Department of Chittagong Medical College Hospital. This is a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. One hundred and seven hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of IHD were selected conveniently from the Cardiology Department. Data regarding socio-demographic and risk factors were collected by a structured case record form. The mean age of 54.5±10.3 years and 67.3% were male. The most frequent risk factor was hypertension (77.6%), followed by diabetes mellitus (53.3%), smoking tobacco (43.9%), family history of IHD (41.1%), use of smokeless tobacco (29.0%), dyslipidemia (28.0%). Sleep disturbance (21.5%), sedentary lifestyle (19.6%), psychosocial stress (19.6%), and obesity (15.9%). Less frequent risk factors were alcohol consumption, gambling, sex abuse, and un-healthy diet habit. Frequency of hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and smokeless tobacco use were significantly higher among female than male, while reverse trend was observed regarding smoking and alcohol drinking. All these findings suggest that a substantial evidence of risk factors of IHD were prevailing among the study population. Proper care through positive motivation, avoidance of risk behaviour, intervention of clinical conditions can resist risk factors of IHD thus IHD can be prevented.

Keywords: Ischemic Heart Disease, Risk factor, Bangladesh.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: khokanbiswas16@gmail.com (Khokan Kanti Biswash)

How to cite this article: Biswas KK, Uddin MJ and Uddin MB (2023). Risk factors of ischemic heart disease among the patients of Cardiology Department of Chittagong Medical College Hospital. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 10(4): 18-24. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10838233.

Sabina Yasmin¹, Md Ershaduzzaman¹, Sadika Haque², Md. Ashraful Islam¹

¹Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka
²Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

The study is an attempt to measure the loss of farmers due to the outbreak of lumpy skin disease in Bangladesh. To accomplish the objectives, primary data were collected from 369 farmers of northern districts (Sirajganj, Nilphamari, Rangpur and Dinajpur). Multistage and purposive sampling technique was followed for selecting the respondents those who have only faced LSD in their livestock farms. A good number of cross breed cow in all four districts, of which 72%, 15%, 15% and 71% were affected in LSD in Dinajpur, Nilphamari, Sirajganj and Rangpur, respectively. Average herd size of milking cows before outbreak for local breed was 2.06 of which average affected number of cows was 1.52 and for cross breed the values were 4.46 and 1.94. No farm animal has found died in Nilphamari district. In Sirajganj, 4 claves and 2 young animals died. In Dinajpur, 20 calves had died while in Rangpur, 15 calves, 5 young animals and 3 adult animals found died due to LSD attack. Average milk loss has been estimated as 12% and 13% for local and cross bred farms respectively while the losses are 31%, 7%, 30% and 9% for Dinajpur, Nilphamari, Rangpur and Sirajganj, respectively. Per cow direct cost is the highest in Sirajganj (Taka 6389) and lowest in Dinajpur (Taka 1500). Per cow indirect cost is highest in Rangpur (Taka 2473) and lowest in Nilphamari (taka 1304). Highest per cow economic loss is found in Sirajganj (taka 8622) and lowest in Nilphamari (taka 3185). If the epidemic continues for longer from 20 days to 25, 30, 35 and 40 days, then the total economic loss can be increased by 100%.

Keywords: Lumpy skin disease, outbreak, dairy industry, Bangladesh.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: sabina.bau020@gmail.com (Sabina Yasmin)

How to cite this article: Yasmin S, Ershaduzzaman M, Haque S and Islam MA (2023). Impact of recent outbreak of lumpy skin disease on Northern dairy dominant areas in Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 10(4): 25-38. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11000367.

Md. Younus Ali, Sm. Ahasanul Hamid, Md. Zamal Uddin, Moizur Rahman, Md. Royhan Gofur,  S.M. Kamruzzaman

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fenbendazole and a combined preparation of levamisole and triclabendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected sheep. Eighteen sheep of 18-23 month old irrespective of sex infested with gastrointestinal nematodes were selected from 30 sheep on the basis of egg count for this experiment and randomly divided into three equal groups (group A, B and C) where each group consisted of 6 sheep and sheep of group A were treated with fenbendazole orally at the dose rate of 7.5mg/kg body weight, sheep of group B were treated with a combined preparation of levamisole and triclabendazole orally at the dose rate of 10mg/kg body weight, and sheep of group C were used as control. The results of the comparative efficacies of different anthelmintic of fenbendazole were 96.15%, and combined preparation of levamisole and triclabendazole 92.72% on EPG count. McMaster fecal egg counting method discloses the Haemonchus spp., with Trichostrongylus spp, Strongyloides spp., and Cooperia spp. also present. The body weight of the treated animals were slightly increased which were significant (p<0.05) on day 28. After treatment with fenbendazole and a combined preparation of levamisole and triclabendazole, blood parameters like, total erythrocyte count (TEC), Hemoglobin (Hb) content,  packed cell volume (PCV) and serum biochemical parameters like, total protein (TP) were increased significantly (p>0.05 and p<0.01) in sheep but blood parameters like, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),  total leukocyte count (TLC) and serum biochemical parameters like, serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) were decreased significantly (p>0.05) in all treated sheep on day 28. The farm management practices along with results of the present study revealed the efficacy of multiple anthelmintic against gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep.

Keywords: Anthelmintic, fenbendazole, levamisole, triclabendazole, gastrointestinal nematodes.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: drsazadru@gmail.com (S.M. Kamruzzaman)

How to cite this article: Ali MY, Hamid SA, Uddin MZ, Rahman M, Gofur MR and Kamruzzaman SM (2023). Effects of fenbendazole and combined preparation of levamisole with triclabendazole on growth performance and haemato-biochemical parameters in sheep. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 10(4): 39-49. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11074307.

Nasrin Sultana

Department of Social Welfare, Feni Government College (National University), Feni 3900, Bangladesh

Climate change is a global issue, and it would mainly occur by natural processes. However, it is largely driven by human induced activities since the mid-20th century, and resulted adverse impacts on environment, health, and economy. Recently, climate change effect is no more an anticipation but become a reality manifesting its bleak clutches in many parts of the world. The depressing volatile climate hits many poor, filching their dreams of happy life putting them in the peril state. The present study attempted to peruse the recently published literatures related to the cause and effect of climate change on the economic sector of Bangladesh. The review does not include all-encompassing impacts rather focuses on the economic sectors upon which the sustenance of the local people depends. It is that revealed a future threat of frequent flood, cyclone, storm surges, drought, and salinity likely to be more severe, the notion of which already has become apparent. These hazards are projected to put the economy of the country at risk and impede the envious development ensued in the last decade. The implication of the study would aid in policy making strategy to cope the climate change effect of the country’s economic sectors.

Keywords: Climate change, Economic sector, Livelihood, Natural disaster, Socio-ecological.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: rumi.du.46@gmail.com (Nasrin Sultana)

How to cite this article: Sultana N (2023). The economic effects of climate change in Bangladesh: A mini review. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 10(4): 55-69. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11310147.

Most. Alataf-Un-Nahar¹ , Mst. Ayesha Siddika², Md. Imran Hossain², Md. Rezaul Karim²

¹Bangladesh Institute of Research and Training on Applied Nutrition (BIRTAN), Regional Station, Netrokona
²Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

The experiment was carried out at the Horticulture Farm of the Bangladesh Agricultural University during the period from October 2021 to February 2022 to study the effects of nitrogen and zinc on growth and yield of cabbage. The experiment consisted of two-factors viz. Factor A: four doses of nitrogen- (kg/ha) such as N₀: 0, no nitrogen (control), N₁: 100 kg N/ ha, N₂: 150 kg N/ ha, N₃: 200 kg N/ ha and Factor B: four doses of zinc- (kg/ha), Zn₀: 0 no zinc (control), Zn₁: 1.5 kg Zn/ ha, Zn₂: 2.0 kg Zn/ ha, Zn₃: 2.5 kg Zn/ ha. The two-factor experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The N₃: 200 kg N/ ha showed best performance with respect to plant height  (32.72 cm), number of leaves per plant (21.65 ) gross yield N₃ (79.42 ton/ ha) marketable yield per hectare (55.09 t/ha). Application of zinc at Zn₃: 2.5 kg Zn/ ha was initiated to be excellent for plant height (32.30 cm), number of leaves (21.15), gross yield per hectare (75.39 ton), marketable yield per hectare (54.59 ton). Regarding the combined effect the treatment, N₃Zn₃ (200 kg N/ ha with 2.5 kg Zn/ ha) gave the maximum plant height (33.32 cm), number of leaves (22.33) per plant, gross yield per hectare (82.24 t/ha) and marketable yield per hectare (65.91 t/ha). Considering the above findings, it was concluded that the combination of N₃Zn₃ (200 kg N/ ha with 2.5 kg Zn/ ha) was found to be better for growth and yield of cabbage.

Keywords: RCBD, AEZ, Growth and yield, FAO, BAU, Nitrogen, Zinc.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mrkarim1996@yahoo.com (Md. Rezaul Karim)

How to cite this article: Alataf-Un-Nahar M, Siddika MA, Hossain MI and Karim MR (2023). Effects Improving growth and yield of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) by applying nitrogen and zinc. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 10(4): 70-81. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11314818.

A. K. M. Harun-Or-Rashid¹, Md. Parvez Anwar², Ahmed Khairul Hasan², Md. Rezaul Amin³

¹Cotton Development Board, Farmgate, Dhaka
²Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202
³Cotton Development Board, Mahigonj, Rangpur

This study evaluates the weed competitiveness of selected upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties in Bangladesh, aiming to identify cultivars with superior ability to suppress weed growth and thus enhance crop yield. We evaluated the weed competitiveness of eighteen upland cotton varieties in Bangladesh, including CB-1, CB-2, CB-3, CB-4, CB-5, CB-6, CB-7, CB-8, CB-9, CB-10, CB-11, CB-12, CB-13, CB-14, CB-15, CB-hybrid-1, Rupali-1, and DM-2. The experiment was conducted under two weed regimes: season-long weed-free and season-long weedy, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Results indicated significant variability in yield and weed competitiveness among the varieties, although fiber quality remained consistent across all varieties. Rupali-1 emerged as the highest-yielding variety, while CB-15 demonstrated superior weed competitiveness.. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate cotton varieties as part of integrated weed management strategies to enhance sustainable cotton production in Bangladesh. The study suggests potential varietal selection strategies for optimizing cotton production in weed-prone areas of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Weed competitiveness, cotton, variety, yield,  upland.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: kbdharun@gmail.com (A. K. M. Harun-Or-Rashid)

How to cite this article: Harun-Or-Rashid AKM, Anwar MP, Hasan AK and Amin MR (2023). Evaluation of weed competitiveness of selected upland cotton varieties of Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 10(4): 82-97. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13169973.