Ashek Mohammad¹, Md. Ariful Islam², Rabeka Sultana Smriti³, Md. Salim⁴, Md. Al-Amin⁵, Ivy Sultana⁶, Nusrat Nawreen Orpa⁷

¹Scientific officer, Entomology section, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
²Scientific officer, Oilseed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
³Scientific Officer, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh.
⁴Scientific Officer, Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Munshiganj, Bangladesh
⁵Protocol Officer, Administrative and Finance Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC), Dhaka, Bangladesh
⁶Scientific Officer, Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Munshiganj, Bangladesh
⁷Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

A field experiment was conducted at farmer’s field of Vowal village, Gazipur, Bangladesh during January to May 2021 to develop an effective bio-rational based management approach against rose bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. Six treatments, such as: T₁: Sex pheromone Mass trapping T₂: Sex pheromone Mass trapping + Azadirachtin (Bio-neem plus 1EC) @ 1ml/L of water at 10 days interval; T₃: Sex pheromone Mass trapping + spraying of HNPV @ 0.2 g/L of water at 10 days interval; T₄: Sex pheromone Mass trapping + spraying of Spinosad (success 2.5 SC ) @ 1.2 ml/L of water at 10 days interval; T₅: Farmers practice (spraying of synthetic insecticides, Proclaim 5SG @ 1g/L ) at 7 days interval; T₆: Untreated control were evaluated following RCB design with three replications. The results indicated that T₃ treatment, Sex pheromone Mass trapping + spraying of HNPV @ 0.2 g/L of water at 10 days interval showed the best performance reducing plant and flower infestation and increasing marketable yield followed by T₄ treatment, Sex pheromone Mass trapping + spraying of Spinosad (Success 2.5SC ) @ 1.2 ml/L of water at 10 days interval. In case of maximum marginal benefit cost ratio, T₄ treatment showed best performance.

Keywords: Bio-rational, Bollworm, HNPV, Pheromone trap, Spinosad.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mmmdashek@gmail.com (Ashek Mohammad)

How to cite this article: Mohammad A, Islam MA, Smriti RS, Salim M, Al-Amin M, Sultana I and Orpa NN (2024). Bio-rational management of rose bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 11(3): 01-06. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13674289.

Md. Salim¹, Md. Khurshid Alam², Rojina Akter³, Ashek Mohammad⁴, Rabeka Sultana Smriti⁵, Md. Anarul Islam⁶, Md. Al-Amin⁷, Nusrat Nawreen Orpa⁸

¹Scientific Officer, Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Munshiganj, Bangladesh
²Principal Scientific Officer, Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Munshiganj, Bangladesh
³Senior Scientific Officer, Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
⁴Scientific Officer, Entomology section, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
⁵Scientific Officer, Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
⁶Scientific Officer, Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
⁷Protocol Officer, Administration and Finance Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC), Dhaka, Bangladesh
⁸Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh MujiburRahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

An experiment was conducted at the research field of the Tuber Crops Research Sub-Center (TCRSC), Bangladesh Agricultural Institute, Munshiganj (BARI), during the potato growing season of 2021–22 with three processing potato varieties viz. BARI Alu-25, BARI Alu-28 and BARI Alu-29. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate three processing potato varieties for growth pattern, dry matter partitioning to the sink and yield performance of processing potato varieties at different days after planting (DAP). Five different harvests were conducted during the growing season to determine dry matter (DM) partitioning to various parts of the plant. The results indicated that 60 days after planting, BARI Alu-28 exhibited the highest tuber dry matter (DM) percentage at 65.98%, suggesting that this variety had reached the end of its vegetative growth phase and was transitioning into the tuber filling stage. In contrast, the other varieties were primarily allocating dry matter to the stems and leaves. A similar trend was observed at 70 and 80 days after planting (DAP). By 90 DAP, the translocation of assimilates to the leaves and stems decreased, with the highest tuber DM recorded at 89.05% in BARI Alu-25. At 100 DAP (the final harvest), BARI Alu-28 was in the senescing stage, while BARI Alu-25 exhibited the maximum total dry weight per plant (241 g). BARI Alu-25 also produced the highest tuber yield at 35.21 t/ha, whereas BARI Alu-28 had the lowest tuber yield at 25.34 t/ha.

Keywords: Processing Potato, Dry matter, Stem, Leaf, Tuber.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: salim072498@gmail.com (Md. Salim)

How to cite this article: Salim M, Alam MK, Akter R, Mohammad A, Smriti RS, Islam MA, Al-Amin M and Orpa NN (2024). Dry matter partitioning and yield performance of processing potato varieties across different growth stages. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 11(3): 07-13. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13729455.

Md. Jasim Uddin¹, Mosammet Khaleda Akter², Mohammad Nurul Anowar³, Ferdous Jahan⁴

¹Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, National Institute of Advanced Nursing Education and Research, Dhaka
²Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, National Institute of Advanced Nursing Education and Research, Dhaka
³Adult and Elderly Health Nursing, National Institute of Advanced Nursing Education and Research, Dhaka
⁴Community Health Nursing, National Institute of Advanced Nursing Education and Research, Dhaka

The aim of this study is to assess the family burden associated with substance abusers in Bangladesh. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the family burden among 112 participants, selected using a convenient sampling technique. Family burden was measured using a standardized Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS) scale. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and a review of medical records. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The majority of participants (85.71%) reported experiencing severe family burden. The total mean family burden score was 1.49 (SD = 0.37) out of a possible 2 points. Significant relationships were found between family burden and several variables: participants’ age (p < .000), education (p < .000), occupation (p < .000), relationship with the patient (p < .000), presence of chronic disease (p < .022), monthly family income (p < .000), the number of hours spent caring for the patient per day (p < .000), patients’ religion (p < .005), education (p < .008), and marital status (p < .034). The findings of this study may contribute to strengthening existing resources and mental health interventions. The new insights gained can help empower family members to better cope with the challenges of caring for a substance-abusing relative, allowing them to manage the burden in a more strategic and effective manner.

Keywords: Family burden, substance, substance abuser.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: khaledarnteacher@gmail.com (Mosammet Khaleda Akter)

How to cite this article: Uddin MJ, Akter MK, Anowar MN and Jahan F (2024). Family burden with substance abusers in Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 11(3): 14-22. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13756207.

Mst Monowara Begum¹, Mst Arzina Khatun¹, Sharnolata Roy², Md. Ali Reza Mondol³, Mohammad Rashidul Alam⁴

¹Nursing Instructor, Dinajpur Nursing College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
²Nursing & Midwifery College, Tangail, Bangladesh
³Nursing Instructor, Nursing Institute, Kurigram, Bangladesh
⁴Department of Health Education, NIPSOM, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212

Coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is a worldwide emergency, as its rapid spread and high mortality rate has caused severe disruptions of normal life. Health care professionals, particularly nurses, are on the front line of dealing with this situation and considered as a vulnerable group to experience mental stress amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study was to assess mental stress of nurses involved in treatment of COVID-19 patients in a selected tertiary level hospital. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 184 nurses working in M Abdur Rahim Medical College Hospital, Dinajpur from 1^st January to 31^st December, 2020. Purposive sampling was adopted and semi-structured questionnaire incorporated with Bangla translated version of perceived stress scale (PSS) was used to collect data from the respondents. The mean age of participants was 30.59 ±4.95 years where 87.5% (n=161) were female. Among the nurses, 76.1% (n=140) were married and 66.8% (n=123) were Diploma in nursing passed. Most of the respondents (98.4%, n=181) had no training on COVID-19. Majority of the respondents (76.6%, n=141) had worked in COVID-19 unit for ≤56 hours per week. Majority of the respondents (78.3%, n=144) had moderate level of perceived stress and 19.0% (n=35) had low level of perceived stress. Significant statistical difference was found regarding level of stress and gender of the respondents (p=0.046). Marginally significant statistical difference was found regarding level of stress and marital status of the respondents (p=0.050). Majority of the nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 had moderate stress level. Nurses who were female and married, had greater mental stress than others. Special interventions to promote mental well-being in nurses exposed to COVID-19 need to be immediately implemented where women and married nurses requiring particular attention.

Keywords: Nurses, COVID-19 patients, mental stress, Perceived Stress Scale, tertiary level hospital.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: monowarabegum8522@gmail.com (Mst. Monowara Begum)

How to cite this article: Begum MM, Khatun MA, Roy S, Mondol MAR and Alam MR (2024). Mental stress of nurses involved in treatment of COVID-19 patients in a selected tertiary level hospital. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 11(3): 23-31. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13847817.

Tuli Dey¹, Sonnet Poddar², Jabin Sultana³, Shubho Podder⁴, Abdullah Al Faruq², A. S. M. Golam Kibria², A. S. M. Lutful Ahasan²

¹Department of Medicine and Surgery, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi – 4224, Chattogram, Bangladesh
²Department of Anatomy and Histology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi – 4224, Chattogram, Bangladesh
³Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi – 4224, Chattogram, Bangladesh
⁴Sheikh Sayera Khatun Medical College, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh

The study was planned to determine the effect of anticoagulants and storage time on morphometry of RBCs in domestic and pet animal species. Blood from domestic animal species (cattle, sheep, goat, and dog) was collected in a vacutainer, blood bag treated with EDTA, and CPD anticoagulants stored at 4 ± 2° C for 4 weeks. The blood smears were done for different intervals up to 4 weeks of storage from EDTA and CPD treated blood. Staining of entire smears was carried out with wright stain. Blood figures were taken, and the diameter of RBCs was measured with the help of ImageJ software. The means diameter of RBCs of cattle, goat, sheep, and dog were 5.2±0.14, 3.34±0.13, 3.1±0.09, and 7.2±0.28 μm; respectively. Significant morphometric changes (decrease of the diameter of RBCs) were observed on the 14^th day and 21^st days with CPD and EDTA anticoagulants. The study showed less storage lesion of RBCs morphometry was found under using CPD anticoagulants in cattle, whereas EDTA showed less storage lesion of RBC morphometry in sheep and goats. It is recommended to use the specific anticoagulants for specific animal species, and the laboratory test should be performed within 7 days as the RBCs morphometry remain structurally good.

Keywords: Anticoagulants, Morphometry, Red Blood Cells, Domestic animals, Pet animals.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: sonnet@cvasu.ac.bd (Sonnet Poddar)

How to cite this article: Dey T, Poddar S, Sultana J, Podder S, Faruq AA, Kibria ASMG and Ahasan ASML (2024). Effect of anticoagulants and storage time on Red Blood Cell morphometry in domestic and pet animals. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 11(3): 32-36. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13898911.

Md. Mamunur Rashid¹, Md. Mostafizur Rahman²

¹Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
²Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

The study focused on the fish seed marketing network at Digharkanda, near BFRI, aiming to identify the diversity of actors involved, distribution patterns of fish seed across Bangladesh, seasonal demand, and value chain benefits for various stakeholders. Primary data were gathered from Fish Seed Selling Shops (FSSSs) during the breeding season. Results showed that 65% of fish seed was sold locally within Mymensingh, while 35% was distributed to other districts. Each FSSS employed 8-9 individuals, sustaining livelihoods through the fish seed business. During the breeding season (March to October), FSSSs transacted approximately 2524 kg of hatchery-produced seed, 2000 kg of nursery-produced seed, and 2500 kg from external sources. The marketing channel generated profit margins of BDT 3,350,000 for hatcheries and BDT 6,000,000 for nurseries. Fish seed demand was found to fluctuate seasonally, but the year-round marketing of catfish and carp seeds helped sustain FSSS operations. Notably, Chital seeds were priced higher than others, with tilapia seeds being the lowest in price. The study also identified several key challenges faced by seed producers and traders, including brood fish disease, inbreeding issues, transportation difficulties, and limited access to credit.

Keywords: Fish seed, Marketing channel, Hatchery, Demand, Livelihood.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mamunbaudin@gmail.com (Md. Mamunur Rashid)

How to cite this article: Rashid MM and Rahman MM (2024). Fish Seed Marketing Network in Digharkanda, Mymensingh District. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 11(3): 37-48. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13899366.

Md. Salim¹, Md. Khurshid Alam², Rojina Akter³, Ivy Sultana⁴, Md. Rashedul Alam⁵

¹Scientific Officer, Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Munshiganj, Bangladesh
²Principal Scientific Officer, Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Munshiganj, Bangladesh
³Senior Scientific Officer, Tuber Crops Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
⁴Scientific Officer, Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Munshiganj, Bangladesh
⁵MS Fellow, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Farmers in Munshiganj region are using different spacing below or above the national recommendation depending on the purpose of planting either for seed tuber or consumption due to lack of recommended plant spacing. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at the Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre (TCRSC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Munshiganj during 2023-24 with four types of spacing like S₁=75cm x 30cm, S₂=60 cm x 25cm (Control), S₃=50cm x 20cm and S₄=30cm x 15cm under four varieties viz. V₁=BARI Alu-25, V₂=BARI Alu-37, V₃=BARI Alu-62 and V₄=BARI Alu-79 with a view to find out suitable spacing for seed size potato tuber (28-40mm) production and fresh tuber yield in Munshiganj region. Results showed that the maximum (61.96%) seed size (28-40mm) potato tuber (% number) was produced by treatment combination V₁S₄ which was statistically at par V₁S₃ and statistically similar withV₃S_4, V₄S_3, V₃S₃ etc. Closer spacing is more suitable for seedsize potato tuber production than wider spacing. In case yield, the maximum tuber yield (35.27 t/ha) was obtained from treatment combination V₄S₄ which was statistically similar to V₃S_4, V₁S_{4, .}V₁S₃ etc. Therefore, considering the seed size potato tuber production, final yield and yield contributing characters sowing of potato BARI Alu-25, BARI Alu-37, BARI Alu-62, BARI Alu-79 with closer spacing (30cm x 15cm) may be practiced to cultivate seed size potato tuber in our country.

Keywords: Plant density, closer spacing, potato, seed size potato, yield.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: salim072498@gmail.com (Md. Salim)

How to cite this article: Salim M, Alam MK, Akter R, Sultana I and Alam MR (2024). Effect of plant density and varieties on seed size potato tuber production and fresh tuber yield. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 11(3): 49-58. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.14288687.

Most. Habiba Akter¹, Shaziea Rahman¹ , Afia Khatun¹, Rashida Khaton¹, MD. Hashibur Rahman²

¹Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
²Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Avian colibacillosis is regarded as a serious bacterial disease in the poultry industry worldwide. Common bacteria known as Escherichia coli (E. coli) are naturally present in birds’ digestive tracts and, consequently, in their surroundings. A strain of E. coli known as Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli (APEC) is capable of causing a clinical illness. Large financial losses result from colobacillosis in commercial broiler farms because of a comparatively high death rate and productivity loss. In the present study, a total of 300 broilers of 8 farms were examined and among them 170 (56.67%) were diagnosed as infected with any form of colibacillosis and 42 sick and dead birds (different organs) were collected from necropsy cases. The most frequent gross lesions of colibacillosis were cloud and thickened air sac, omphalitis, pericarditis, perihepatitis, peritonitis, colisepticemia, enteritis. The pericardium of the heart’s thick fibrous layer, telangiectasis, blunting and sloughing off of the villus, and persistent passive congestion were the microscopic lesions of these illnesses, infiltration into the intestinal lamina propria. Average prevalence of colibacillosis, on the basis of age was higher (67.32%) in age group 0-2 weeks and lower in 4 weeks (0.2 %). The results obtained during the study period revealed that the higher prevalence of colibacillosis was in winter season (68.90%) and lower in summer season (41.91%). So, age and winter season was the risk factors of colibacillosis. Considering the factor, colibacillosis causes high mortality and winter season was the main risk factor and involved other factor in broiler at Rajshahi district.

Keywords: Colibacillosis, Broiler chickens, Histopathology, Prevalence.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: bshaziea@ru.ac.bd (Shaziea Rahman)

How to cite this article: Akter MH, Rahman S, Khatun A, Khaton R and Rahman MH (2024). Prevalence and histopathological investigation of colibacillosis in Broiler chickens in the Rajshahi District, Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 11(3): 59-67. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14288903.