Mohammad Azad Miah¹, Md. Arifur Rahman², Mohammed Belal Uddin³

¹Hobigonj District Jail, Hobigonj, Sylhet
²North East University, Sylhet
³Chittagong Nursing College, Chattogram

Prison mental health initiative still has not emphasized around the world remarkably. Some of the advanced civilized countries which conform the human right critically has introduced prison mental health initiative. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the level of depression among the prisoners and examine the relationship between depression levels, Jail related events and substance abuse related life style patterns of the respondents. A total of 195 prisoners were selected through non-probability sampling technique using Beck Depression Inventory consisting of 21 questions with clinical diagnostic criteria of depression, Socio-demographic, Lifestyle, and Jail related events questionnaire. Beck Depression Inventory was scored within 0-3 rating scale. The respondents were in between 18 to 77 years age. The mean, ±SD and median age of the respondents were 36.13 ±12.5 and 32 years respectively. This study demonstrated that highest proportion (30%) of the prisoners was living with Moderate Depression. One-fifth (20%) of them were living in prison with Mild Mood Disturbance and its nearest proportion was 18% of the prisoners who were living with Normal Mood. Among the prisoners, 16% had Borderline Clinical Depression and on the other hand 12% of the respondents were suffering from Severe Depression and few (4%) of them were found with Extreme Depression. Relationships between depression levels and some socio-demographic characteristics such as age, religion, and marital status, number of children, occupations, remaining earning members and monthly family income of the respondents were tested and found statistically significant. In addition, relationships between depression levels and substances abuse related lifestyle patterns of the respondents such as Smoking habit, presence or absence of chronic diseases of the respondents were tested and found statistically significant. Study has disclosed significant mood related mental health problems among the prisoners of Bangladesh. Current study findings imply that further prison mental health research should be emphasized and there after grow authority’s attention for prisoners’ mental health of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Depression, Prisoners,  Hobigonj, Bangladesh.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mdazadmiah@gmail.com (MA Miah)

How to cite this article: Miah MA, Rahman MA and Uddin MB (2022). Depression level among the prisoners of Hobigonj district jail of Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 9(4): 01-14. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7708877.

Tapon Kumar Roy¹, S. M. M. Shahriar Tonmoy², Anamika Sannal³, Sanjida Akter¹, Khalid Hasan Tarek⁴, Md. Masud Rana⁴, Md. Rokebul Hasan⁵

¹Entomology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, BRRI
²Farm Management Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, BRRI
³Plant Pathology Division, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, BSMRAU
⁴Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, BRRI
⁵Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, BRRI

A field experiment was conducted at four locations of Rangpur Division during boro season from December 2021 to May 2022.  Research field of BRRI regional station, Rangpur (Rashidpur, Mithapukur, Gopinathpur, Metro) and Dinajpur (Rampur, Parbatipur) were the trial sites. Five short duration Boro rice varieties, namely BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan74, BRRI dhan81, BRRI dhan88 and Bangabandhu dhan100 were selected as treatment. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replicates, using each site as a replicate. Highest yield performance was showed by BRRI dhan74 (8.2125 t ha^-1) including best performance in overall production and effective tiller number per plant, panicle length, 1000 grain weight, biological yield and percent spikelet sterility. The second best yield performance was observed in BRRI dhan88 (6.89 t ha^-1) followed by Bangabandhu dhan100 (6.33 t ha^-1) and BRRI dhan81 (6.2875 t ha^-1). The lowest yield performance was observed in BRRI dhan28 (5.305t ha^-1). To replace BRRI dhan28, farmers may choose BRRI dhan74, BRRI dhan88, Bangabandhu dhan100 and BRRI dhan81. Farmers who prefer medium coarse rice can cultivate BRRI dhan74, while those who like medium slender to long slender grain can grow BRRI dhan88, Bangabandhu dhan100 and BRRI dhan81 respectively.

Keywords: Boro, BRRI rice varieties, short duration, yield contributing characters, northern region.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: tapon.entom@brri.gov.bd (T K Roy)

How to cite this article: Roy TK, Tonmoy SMMS, Sannal  A, Akter  S, Tarek KH, Rana MM and Hasan MR (2022). Yield performance of some short duration high yielding rice varieties during boro season in northern region of Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 9(4): 15-21. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7877953.

Md. Mahabubur Rahman¹, Mahbub Mostofa¹, Abu Hadi Noor Ali Khan², Nurjahan Begum³, Md. Nazrul Islam¹

¹Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202
²Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202
³Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Plant extracts have been used to improve performance and intestinal health of poultry. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of Neem+Tulsi leaves powder as a growth promoter on the performance of broilers. One day old broiler chicks were divided into four groups, I₀, I₁, I₂ and I₃ which were supplemented with Neem+Tulsi leaves powder @ 0gm, 1gm, 2gm and 3gm/kg of broiler ration, respectively. Weekly observations were recorded for live body weight, weekly gain in weight, weekly feed consumption, feed efficiency and blood parameters of birds for six weeks. All the treatment groups I₁ (800.01±266.90), I₂ (840.01±244.00) and I₃ (864.10±230.92) recorded significantly (P<0.01) higher means for live body weight than that of control I₀ (750.39±208.10) group. All the treatment groups showed non-significant increase in weekly gain in weight, feed consumption and feed efficiency as compared to that of control group.

Keywords: Neem, Tulsi, Growth, Broiler.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mahabubdvm2012@gmail.com (M M Rahman)

How to cite this article: Rahman MM, Mostofa M, Khan AHNA, Begum N and Islam MN (2022). Neem and Tulsi leaves in growth performance of broilers. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 9(4): 22-26. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7941633.

Sajedul Hayat¹, HM Jamshed Azad², Mohammad Sadekuzzaman¹, Md. Golam Azam Chowdhury¹, Md. Alimul Islam²

¹Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
²Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious, enzootic and economically important viral disease of cattle in Bangladesh. Despite regular vaccination this disease is appearing every year among the indigenous and cross-breed population of Bangladesh and is responsible for huge economic losses. The aim of this study was to detect the sero-types of Foot-and-Mouth disease viruses (FMDV) circulating in the cattle population of Feni and Lakshimpur districts during 2022 in Bangladesh. A total of 50 samples (tongue epithelium) were collected from 50 affected cattle for the detection and sero-typing of the circulating viruses using real time qRT-PCR. Out of 50 samples, 40 were positive of which 37 were sero-type O and 3 samples were sero-type A of FMDV. Findings of this study clearly indicated that realtime qRT-PCR is a highly sensitive and rapid method for early and confirmatory detection of FMDV from field samples. This study also indicates that off the two sero-types (O and A) the predominant sero-type of FMDV is sero-type O circulating in cattle population of the most affected farms of Feni and Lakshimpur districts of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Cattle, FMDV, qRT-PCR, sero-type O, sero-type A.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: alimul.vmh@bau.edu.bd (M A Islam )

How to cite this article: Hayat S, Azad HMJ, Sadekuzzaman M, Chowdhury MGA and Islam MA (2022). Molecular detection and serotyping of Foot and Mouth disease viruses (FMDV) from cattle in Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 9(4): 27-32. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7941704.

Md Maruf Billah^1,2, Md Ashraful Islam¹, Md Nasrul Millat³

¹Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh
²Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
³Upazila Agriculture Officer, Department of Agricultural Extension, Fakirhat, Bagerhat, Bangladesh

Women empowerment is considered as the powerhouse of global development. This study attempted to explore the perception of husband and wife regarding the effects of women empowerment on family life. The research was conducted at three upazila of Khulna district, Bangladesh. Data were collected from purposively selected ninety (90) respondents using a structured questionnaire during January 2023. The focus variable named as effect of women empowerment on family life was measured using a 5-point rating scale. Results indicated that, education is the key factor of enhancing women empowerment. The findings exposed that almost two-third (64.4%) of the male respondents perceived medium effect of women empowerment on family life while majority of the female counterparts (60%) perceived high effect respectively. However, majority (95.6%) of the male respondents opined that women empowerment generate more income to the family whereas most (98.3%) of the female respondents agreed that women empowerment is very effective in giving decision making power. It was found that respondents’ age, educational qualification, organizational participation, training exposure, cosmopolitanism, knowledge, and attitude demonstrate significant relationship with the focus variable. It is high time to change our attitude towards women empowerment for overall development of the world.

Keywords: Family life, Husband & wife, Perception, Women empowerment.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: md.billah@uon.edu.au (M M Billah)

How to cite this article: Billah MM, Islam MA and MN Millat (2022). Perception of husband and wife on women empowerment in family life. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 9(4): 33-41. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7942081.

Rakhi Rani Sarker^{1, 2}, M. Harun-or-Rashid² , M. Jahiruddin¹, M. Mofizur Rahman Jahangir¹

¹Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202
²Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202

In conservation agricultural practices, adoption of herbicide has increased for crop protection but increased herbicide uses for soil health are being questioned. Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of herbicide on net nitrogen mineralization rates in situ under field conditions. Both experiments were conducted at different treatments of post and pre emergence herbicides in the research farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University under Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ 9). Experiment-1 comprised of three post emergence herbicides and one control treatment [T₁-Control, T₂-2,4-D Amine, T₃-Carfentrazzone-ethyl+isoproturon (Affinity), T₄– Carfentrazzone-ethyl (Hammer)]. Composite soil sampling for post emergence herbicides was done at day 21 (days after planting, DAP) which was the day of herbicide and fertilizer application, day 22, 23, 24 and 25 (DAP) after herbicide application. Experiment-2 comprised of one most popular pre-emergence herbicides Pendimethalin (Panida) with manual weeded control treatment. Composite soil sampling for pre emergence herbicides was done at day 3 (DAP) which was the day of herbicide and fertilizer application; day 4, 5, 6 and 7 (DAP) after herbicide application. Both experimental designs were Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Herbicides were tested at their label rate compared with manual weeded control treatment. Tested post-emergence herbicides had no significant effect on N mineralization. The numerically higher concentration of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^–-N was found in treatment T₄ (Carfentrazzone-ethyl). Tested pre- and post-emergence herbicides had no significant effect on soil NH₄⁺ and NO₃^–-N content. Similarly, pre-emergence herbicides Pendimethalin (Panida) had no significant effect on NO₃^–-N production. The study revealed that commonly used herbicides have no short term inhibitory effect on nitrogen mineralization and nitrifying microorganism. The increase in nitrification process is an indication of increasing nitrifying microorganism and positive effect to the soil microbiota. Although tested herbicide did not differ significantly with respect to wheat grain, yet the higher grain yield was produced by Carfentrazzone-ethyl+isoproturon (Affinity).

Keywords: Net nitrogen mineralization, wheat, floodplain soils, post emergence and pre emergence herbicides.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mmrjahangir@bau.edu.bd (M.M.R. Jahangir)

How to cite this article: Sarker RR, Rashid MH, Jahiruddin M and Jahangir MMR (2022). Effects of herbicides on in-situ net mineralization of nitrogen in wheat field. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 9(4): 42-50. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8071620.

Khandoker Touhidul Islam¹, Md. Sazedul Karim Sarker³, Ummay Salma¹, Abdul Gaffar Miah², Farhana Sharmin^3,4

¹Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, ²Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh
³Strengthening of Poultry Research and Development Project, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341
⁴Planning, Training and Communication Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207

Ostrich can be the best options for alternative protein source in Bangladesh for its least cost meat production. It is the most profitable farming which offers a variety of valuable products like meat, feather, fat and hide. This study investigated the status, problems and prospects of ostrich production in Bangladesh through a baseline survey. The data were collected from household survey, secondary data review, individual interview, keen observation and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) from several districts in Bangladesh. The study revealed that average weight of cock and hen were 116.67±8.82 and 92.50±7.50 kg, respectively. Farmers under the surveyed areas stated that the poultry feed, vegetable and forages were fed to their ostrich. Broiler starter, layer starter, (broiler 50%+ layer 50%) starter, broiler grower, fruits, egg and bakery food, pieces of stone along with mixed vitamins-minerals were supplied by about 87.50, 12.50, 12.50, 25.00, 25.00, 87.50 and 62.50% farmers, respectively. Both cock and hen attained puberty at 2.00±0.25 years, a hen in her first laying year laid 14 eggs and each egg was 1466.67±88.19g. None of the farmers performed artificial insemination except natural breeding where, male-female ratio was 1.75±0.25. The main advantages of ostrich rearing over other poultry species as opined by the farmers were disease resistant (100%), low production cost (85%), higher market price (62.5%), higher dressing percentage (37.5%) and low cholesterol in meat (37.5%). About 37.5% farmers had encountered disease incidence, while about 62.5% had not used vaccine. Price of a chick and an adult ostrich were sold at 13.29±1.04, and 137.50±12.50 Tk (BDT in thousand), respectively. In fact, ostrich production is still at very primitive stage which is characterized by poor adaptation to environment, feeding, breeding and healthcare practices. Therefore, vigorous public extension services, training, research and marketing strategies are immediately needed to improve this species in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Ostrich, production, breeding, marketing, prospects, adaptation.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: sazdulkarim@yahoo.com (M.S.K. Sarker)

How to cite this article: Khandoker TI, Sarker MSK, Salma U, Miah AG and Sharmin F (2022). Problems and prospects of ostrich (Struthio camelus) production in Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 9(4): 33-41. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8076681.

Sabiha Zarin¹, Tuli Dey¹, Mohammad Bayazid Bostami¹, Sreekanta Biswas¹, AMAMZ Siddiki²

¹Department of Medicine and Surgery, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh
²Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram -4225, Bangladesh

Thelaziasis is an infestation caused by the parasite Thelazia spp., transmitted by the intermediate host face fly (Musca autumnalis). A one-year-old male goat weighing 56 kg body weight was presented at the Sahidul Alam Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital of Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU) with a history of corneal opacity, lacrimation, epiphora, partial blindness, blepharospasm, ocular discomfort, and restlessness. During a physical examination, one live adult worm was observed in the anterior chamber of the right eye. Menace reflexes for vision were partially positive. Other physical parameters like heart rate (82/min), respiratory rate (25/min), rectal temperature (102.4°F), and dehydration status were recorded. Further hematological and biochemical tests of peripheral blood samples indicated a slight elevation (14%) of eosinophil counts. Surgical removal of the worm was considered as the treatment option in this case. Sedation was achieved by injecting intravenously diazepam (@ 0.5 mg/kg body weight), while the retrobulbar nerve was blocked by using 2% Lignocaine hydrochloride (Jasocaine®). In addition, proparacaine hydrochloride (Procaine®) was used topically to control the eyeball movement. Following sedation, a sterile 10 ml syringe connected with an 18-gauge needle was inserted through the limbus to aspirate the worm. With a special maneuver, the worm was aspirated through the needle and syringe and later moved out along with the flow of aqueous humor. Following removal of eye worm, the animal was restrained for postoperative care. Further medication was prescribed that included Ivermectin (@ 0.2 mg/kg body weight subcutaneously) and topical application of civodex® eye drop (combination of ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone) for 10 days. In addition, antibiotics (streptopen®), antihistaminic (histavet®), and NSAID (dexavet®) were also prescribed for 7 days. The goat made a complete recovery with improved vision and relief from corneal opacity within 21 days following treatment. The study indicated a cost-effective and simple surgical intervention to treat ocular thelaziasis in goats with little complications and minimum postoperative care.

Keywords: Thelaziasis, eye worm, fly, limbus, goat.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: tulidey@cvasu.ac.bd (Tuli Dey)

How to cite this article: Zarin S, Dey T, Bostami MB, Biswas S and Siddiki AMAMZ (2022). Surgical management of ocular thelaziasis in a goat – A case study. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 9(4): 59-65. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8183726.