Mst. Taslima Khatun¹, Md. Mustafizur Rahman¹, Md. Ahsan Habib Pramanik¹, Abdul Wadud²

¹Department of Livestock Services, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh
²Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

This experiment was conducted to evaluate and compare the physical, chemical and microbial quality of different types of cottage cheese made from skim milk (0.1% fat) and partially skim milk (1%, 2% and 3% fat) and to monitor the shelf-life of cottage cheese sample at room temperature (29.5-30⁰C). For this purpose, four different types of cottage cheese were produced at the Dairy Technology and Microbiology laboratory at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The physical parameter e.g. finish score of skim milk cottage cheese was higher and other physical parameters e.g. flavor and taste, body and texture and color were non-significant. In case of chemical analysis, among the four different cottage cheeses there were significant differences in case of fat content but other chemical parameters i.e. moisture, protein, carbohydrate, ash, total solids content were non-significant. In microbial analysis of different cottage cheese sample skim milk cottage cheese was able to confirm microbial standard. Shelf-life of cottage cheese at room temperature (29.5-30⁰C) was only one day. The quality of cheese samples deteriorated rapidly at room temperature. In Bangladesh, milk production is very low in comparison with requirement. For this reason, whole milk is not available for cheese making. At the end it could be recommended that the skim milk (0.1% fat), could be used for manufacturing the cottage cheese and it will be economical and beneficial for industrialization of cottage cheese.

Keywords: Cottage cheese, Skim milk, Quality, Shelf-life.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mahmizan@gmail.com (MAH Pramanik)

How to cite this article: Khatun MT, Rahman MM, Pramanik MAH and Wadud A (2019). Qualitative study on the cottage cheese prepared from partially skimmed milk. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3): 01-10.

Nushrat Jahan¹, A.B. M. Shafiul Alam², Atiya Sharmin Mitu³, Md. Ahasan Habib⁴, Md. Khan Jahan Ali²

¹Executive-Coordination, Kazi Shahed Foundation Gemcon Group Bangladesh
²Scientific Officer, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Sub-Station, Chapai Nawabganj
³Scientific Officer, Soils and Nutrition division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Bangladesh
⁴Scientific Officer, Physiology and sugar chemistry division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Bangladesh

The experiment was conducted at the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, during March to June 2014 to examine effect of Zinc on the growth and yield of sesame. BARI Til-3 variety was used for the study. There have been used three levels of zinc viz. (i) Zn₀ (0 % ZnO), (ii) Zn₁ (2.5 % P) and (iii) Zn₂ (5 % P). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Different levels of zinc showed significant effect on growth, yield, and oil content of sesame. The highest plant height (133.70 cm) and days to first flowering (33.33) and days to maturity (33.33) were recorded from Zn₀ (0 %ZnO), but the highest number of leaves plant^-1 (38.78), number of primary branches/plant (5.72), number of secondary branches plant^-1 of sesame (8.17), number of capsule plant^-1 (26.43), number of seeds capsule^-1 (70.68), 1000 seed weight (3.52), seed yield (1619.00 kg ha^-1), Stover yield (3061.11 kg ha^-1), biological yield (4679.67 kg ha^-1), harvest index (34.44%) and oil content (44.88%) was recorded from Zn₁ (2.5 %ZnO). Again, the lowest plant height (129.30 cm) and days to first flowering (31.33) was achieved from Zn₁ (2.5 %ZnO) but the lowest number of leaves plant^-1  (29.44), number of primary branches plant^-1 (4.44), number of secondary branches plant^-1 (4.17), days to maturity (86.67), number of capsule plant^-1 (22.49), number of seeds capsule^-1 (59.23), 1000 seed weight (2.99), seed yield (1239.00 kg ha^-1), Stover yield (2658.57 kg ha^-1), biological yield (3897.90 kg ha^-1), harvest index (31.67%), oil content (39.80%) was recorded from Zn₀ (0 % ZnO).

Keywords: Bari Til-3, Zinc, Sesame, Oil Content, Harvest Index.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: shafiulalamshahed@gmail.com (ABM Shafiul Alam)

How to cite this article: Jahan N, Alam ABMS, Mitu AS, Habib MA and Ali MKJ (2019). Qualitative study on the cottage cheese prepared from partially skimmed milk. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3): 11-16.

Md. Moyjul Islam Eimon¹, Md. Rasal-Monir², Sourav Modak², Sumya Fatima³, Mohammad Ali¹, M. A. Malek¹

¹Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
²Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh
³Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

In the study the effect of NPKZnB fertilizers and their combination on growth and yield of cauliflower were observed. Two varieties viz. Snow White (V₁) and White Angel (V₂) were used and the experiment was carried out at vegetable museum, Department of Horticulture, PSTU. The pooled results revealed that the variety Snow White produced maximum plant height (56.51cm), length (6.01cm) and weight (41g) of stem, root length (23.22cm) as compared to White Angel F₁ (55.96cm, 4.781cm, 22.29g, 21.51cm respectively). In contrast, White Angel F₁ recorded the highest number (32.11) and weight (36.87g) of lateral roots, required less time for curd initiation from transplanting (63.44days) and from curd initiation to harvest (18.48days), highest curd diameter (45.36cm), curd yield with leaves (1.067 kg plant^-1) and marketable yield (0.876kg), curd yield plot^-1 (10.51kg or 36.48 ton ha^-1) as well as highest dry weight of curd (67.89g) as compared to Snow White (28.95, 36.30g, 68 days, 19.99 days, 43.45cm, 0.984 kg plant^-1, 0.757kg, 9.08 kg plot-1 or 31.53 ton ha^-1 and 57.05g curd^-1 respectively). In case of treatments, application of 270 kg Urea ha^-1 + 116 kg P2O5 ha^-1 + 415 kg K2O ha^-1 + 22.24 kg ZnSO4 ha^-1 + 22.8 kg H3BO3 ha^-1 (T4) produced the highest plant height (67.91cm), no. of leaves plant-1 (21.16), length (63.67cm) and breadth (24.05cm) of the largest leaf, length (5.99cm) and weight (40.40g) of fresh stem, length (24.58cm) and weight (52.26g) of fresh roots, no. of lateral roots (37.72), the minimum day required for curd initiation from transplanting (51.47days) as well as from curd initiation to harvest (12.85days), curd diameter (49.30cm) and curd length (15.03cm), curd yield with leaves (1.417kg plant^-1) and marketable yield (1.144kg), also showed the highest curd production per plot (13.73kg or 47.67ton ha^-1) and weight of dry curd (92.24g). Besides, lowest production was recorded from control treatment (T₀, without fertilizer) for the above indicating whole characters under natural condition.

Keywords: Cauliflower, NPKZnB, Growth & Yield, White Angel, Snow White.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: monirr718@gmail.com (Md. Rasal-Monir)

How to cite this article: Eimon MMI, Monir MR, Modak S, Fatima S, Ali M and Malek MA (2019). Growth and yield of cauliflower as influenced by NPKZnB fertilizers. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3): 17-31.

Shamsul Arfin¹, Shaharin Sultana², Md. Abu Sayeed³, Sharifuzzaman⁴, Nazim Ahmad⁵

¹Department of livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of People’s Republic of Bangladesh
²Department of Microbiology, Jhenidah Government Veterinary College, Jhenidah, Bangladesh
³Department of Medicine and Surgery, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU), Bangladesh
⁴Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Jhenidah Government Veterinary College, Jhenidah, Bangladesh
⁵Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

The study was carried out at District Veterinary Hospital, Narail to investigate the haemato-biochemical parameters in normal healthy, trematode and gastrointestinal nematode infected calves and after treatment with specific drugs. A total number of 15 indigenous calves were used. They were divided into three (n=5) as healthy control, trematode and nematode infected group. Faecal examination, hematological and biochemical parameters were performed before anthelmintic treatment (at day o) and after anthelmintic treatment at end of experiment (day 60). A significantly (p<0.05) lower RBC count, Hb concentration and PCV were recorded in parasitic infected   calves compared   to control but improved significantly   (p<0.01) after treatment with respective drugs. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was in trematode and nematode infected group significantly (p<0.01) higher than control. Significantly (p<0.05) higher WBC was recorded in trematode and Nematode infected group compared to control group. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level of trematode infected group was significantly (p<0.01) higher compared to nematode and control group. The AST and ALT level significantly (p<0.01) improved in treatment group of trematode infected calves compared to nematode infected and control. It concluded that the larva of trematode harbour in liver cause marked damage to liver parenchyma resulting increase transaminases. The nematode sucks blood in stomach and intestine that induced a great change in the blood chemistry of calves.

Keywords: Parasite, Hemato-biochemical, Calve, Narail.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: arfindvm@gmail.com (Shamsul Arfin)

How to cite this article: Arfin S, Sultana S, Sayeed MA, Sharifuzzaman and Ahmad N (2019). Haemato-biochemical changes in parasitic infested calves reported at district veterinary hospital, Narail. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3): 32-38.

Nur Saida Yasmin¹, Md. Mijanur Rahman Rajib², Mahbub Robbani¹, Mohammad Ali¹, Farzana Sultana³

¹Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
²Department of Horticulture,  Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
³Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

An experiment was conducted to find out the effect of temperature and varieties on performance of tomato in Bangladesh. The experiment comprised of ten varieties of tomato namely, BARI tomato 2 (Roton), BARI tomato 3, BARI tomato 9 (Lalima), BARI tomato 14, Surakkha, BARI hybrid tomato 5, BARI hybrid tomato 6, Mintoo tomato (Lal Teer Seed Ltd.), Tidy tomato (Metal Seed Ltd.) and Roma VF (ACI Seed Ltd) and three temperature conditions viz., normal temperature (10-20°C), medium temperature (21-25°C) and high temperature (26-35°C). All of the treatments were arranged into the pots. There were altogether 30 treatment combinations with three replications.  The experiment was laid out in a Split-plot Design. Both different temperature conditions, varieties of tomato. Almost all the parameters responded negatively at high temperature. The highest plant height (86.43 cm), maximum number of fruit per cluster (4.08), number of fruit per plant (33.90), length and (5.18 cm) diameter of fruit (5.05 cm), individual fruit weight (67.67 g), fruit weight per plant (2.25 kg), yield per hactere (62.86 t/ha) and dry weight of fruit (4.23%) were recorded from normal temperature. Different tomato varieties showed significant variations to different temperature conditions. The highest chlorophyll-a (1.03 mg/gfw), chlorophyll-b (0.29 mg/gfw) total chlorophyll (1.29 mg/gfw) in leaves, fruit weight per plant (2.06 kg) and yield per hactere (57.06 t/ha) were recorded from the variety BARI tomato 2. Moreover, BARI tomato 2 also performed better in respect of yield (1.78 kg /plant and 49.39 t/ha) and chlorophyll content in leaves when grown under high temperature condition. So, variety BARI tomato 2 seems promising for better yield of tomato during summer season of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Heat tolerant, Tomato variety, Summer, BARI.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: taniahrt2011@gmail.com (Farzana Sultan)

How to cite this article: Yasmin NS, Rajib MMR, Robbani M, Ali M and Sultana F (2019). Effect of temperature and varieties on performance of tomato in Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3): 39-53.

Lovely Nahar¹, Md. Jalal Uddin Sarder¹, Md. Motahar Hussain Mondal², Md. Omar Faruque³, Moizur Rahman¹, Shaziea Rahman¹, Hasibul Haque¹

¹Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
²Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
³Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of management practices including deworming status, housing and feeding system of the goats on the occurrence of Haemonchosis. For this purpose, 720 goats were examined for haemonchosis in different areas of Rajshahi district by clinical, coprological and postmortem examination. A questionnaire was prepared including information viz. name, address of farmer, deworming status, housing and feeding system of goats to achieve the goals of the study. The study revealed that goats without having anthelmintic treatment (none) had a higher prevalence of 71.5% followed by those given anthelmintics in an irregular basis, 56.5% and the least occurrence, 25% in those given anthelmintics regularly. The goats housed in muddy floor were found to be more susceptible to haemonchosis (62.0%) than slatted (woody barn) housed goats (38.0%). It is indicated that haemonchosis was significantly (P<0.001) influenced by the feeding system of goats. Animals used to graze in the field had the highest prevalence 67.2% than stall feeding 15.3%. The study suggested that the lack of de-worming, grazing and muddy housing are vital determinant in the occurrence of haemonchosis. Animal are highly susceptible to the factors and significantly (P=0.000, P<0.001) influenced to haemonchosis and requires special attention. Thus, effective deworming programme and management must be maintained in order to upgrade the health status and maximize the benefits from the animal.

Keywords: Haemonchus spp, Goats, Management, Bangladesh.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: lovelynahar78@gmail.com (Lovely Nahar)

How to cite this article: Nahar L, Sarder MJU, Mondal MMH, Faruque MO, Rahman M, Rahman S and Haque H (2019). Occurrence of Haemonchosis in goats under management practices in the northwestern Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3): 54-60.

Dipika Majumder¹, Md. Rahim Badsha², Khadija Tul Kobra¹, Indrajit Saha³, Md. Fahad Bin Quader⁴, Shireen Akther²

¹Department of Applied Food Science and Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulsi-4225, Chattogram, Bangladesh
²Department of Food Processing and Engineering, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulsi-4225, Chattogram, Bangladesh
³Department of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulsi-4225, Chattogram, Bangladesh
⁴Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulsi-4225, Chattogram, Bangladesh

This study was aimed to extract pectin from mango, guava and jackfruit peel and its utilization in the production of jelly. Pectin was extracted by using acid extraction method. Jelly was processed using the extracted pectin, then assessed the physicochemical characteristics and functional qualities of jelly. The amount of pectin extracted from jackfruit peel, mango peel and guava peel on fresh basis were 5.94%, 8.26% and 13.44%, respectively. Total soluble solids in jelly which was made using pectin extracted from jackfruit peel, mango peel and guava peel were 63.03%, 65.00% and 67.03% respectively, while the pH values were 2.59, 3.00 and 3.20; moisture content 25.11%, 24.01% and 21.75%; and ash content 0.31%, 0.28% and 0.55% respectively. It is recommended to encourage production of jelly at home using local raw materials under strict conditions as well as the using of natural pectin from local fruits for the production of jelly.

Keywords: Pectin, Fruits, Jelly.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: mrbadsha1322@gmail.com (Md. Rahim Badsha)

How to cite this article: Majumder D, Badsha MR, Kobra KT, Saha I, Quader MFB and Akther S (2019). Physicochemical characterization and application of pectin extracted from seasonally available different fruits waste in jelly preparation. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3): 61-66.

Shaziea Rahman

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

To assess the efficacy of selective anthelmintics against ectoparasites of goats and their treatment effects on  hematobiochemical indices an experiment was conducted at Dalal Para of Katakhali in Rajshahi district in the year 2012. Fifteen affected goats of both sexes aged between 10 and 30 months which were divided into five groups randomly and 3 goats were considered in each group. The treatments were considered as control (A), Neem ointment (B), Ata ointment (C), Mehedi ointment (D) and Ivermectin (E)..After treatment, TEC, Hemoglobin gm%, Packed Cell Volume (PCV %) and TLC of blood was increased in all treatment groups except control group which were significant (P<0.10) and the SGOT and SGPT of blood were decreased in all treatment groups except control group which were significant (P<0.10). In the herbal ointments, Neem (Azadirachta indica) was more effective for control of mange in goats than Mehidi (Lawsonia inermis) and Ata (Annona reticulata). The patent drug Ivermectin was very much successful in mange mite infestation than the herbal ointments. However, in order to design a proper anthelmintic schedule against parasitic infections in goats, a long-term trial, covering seasons of a calendar year, needs to be conducted. Additional detailed studies are required to clarify the current status of the efficacy of the anthelmintics widely used in different agro ecologies, animal species and livestock management systems in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Comparative efficacy, Anthelmintics, herbal ointments, Mange, Goat, Blood indices.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: bshaziea@yahoo.com (Shaziea Rahman)

How to cite this article: Rahman S (2019). Comparative efficacy of traditional and modern practices for control of mange in goats in Bangladesh. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3): 67-77.

Khalifah Ali¹, Haithem Ali Mohamed Ahmed Farghali² and Ashraf Ali Eldesoky Shamaa²

¹Public Authority for Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources – Kuwait City, Kuwait
²Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

A male goat of eight years old was suffering from scrotal swelling in right testicular for the past six months with the history of non-responsiveness to any medicinal treatments subjected to worsen the condition to incurable grade. Diagnosis was performed based case history, clinical examination, and ultrasound examination. After undergoing check, it was found that difficulty, walking, anorexia, stop insemination, sometime increase temperature and depression. The animal was prepared to perform surgical removal of the affected testis. The testis was successfully removed. The wegiht of the swelled testes was about 2 kg. Opening the testicle in the transverse form showed clotted blood, fibrous tisse and serological fluids from the testicle was appeared. After post operative care and managemen the buck come back to its normal life.

Keywords: Hematoma, Unilateral testis, Goat, Kuwait.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: vet-1@live.com (Khalifah Ali)

How to cite this article: Ali K, HAMA Farghali and Shamaa AAE (2019). Hematoma in unilateral testis of goat in Kuwait. International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3): 78-80.